Bird-technologies SA-6000EX Manuel d'utilisateur

SITE ANALYZER™CABLE AND ANTENNA TESTERFOR WIRELESS SYSTEMSOPERATING INSTRUCTIONSFOR MODELSSA-1700EX, SA-1700EXPSA-2500EX, SA-6000EX©Copyright 2008 by

Bird Technologiesx

Bird Technologies84Label Text HelpThe Site Analyzer has a built-in help screen that describes how to use the label text feature. To access the label t

Save and Recall85Changing (editing) Label TextYou can change the label text on a saved item. You must be in either Measure Match mode or Fault Locatio

Bird Technologies86Quicktext for Trace LabelsYou can store commonly used text elements (strings of characters) in Quicktext. When you are entering a l

Save and Recall87Create QuicktextYou must be in either Measure Match mode or Fault Location mode to create QuickText.1. Press the Save/Recall softkey2

Bird Technologies88Use QuicktextYou must be in either Measure Match mode or Fault Location mode to use QuickText. QuickText text elements are appended

Save and Recall89Figure 49 Inserting QuickText ElementsStep Action1 Press the right scroll key to select the QuickText column2 Press the up or down

Bird Technologies90Delete QuicktextYou must be in either Measure Match mode or Fault Location mode to delete QuickText elements.1. Press the Save/Reca

Save and Recall91Recall a Saved TraceWhen you recall a saved trace, it is displayed along with the trace cur-rently being measured (two traces on the

Bird Technologies92Figure 51 Recalling a Saved TraceStep Action1 Press the up and down scroll keys to select a saved trace2 Press the Recall softke

Save and Recall93Delete a Saved TraceYou must be in either Measure Match mode or Fault Location mode to delete a saved trace.1. Press the Save/Recall

xiTable of ContentsChapter 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Items Supplied . . . . . . . .

Bird Technologies94Save a SetupYou can save the current setup parameters and recall them at a later time. When you recall a saved setup, the saved val

Save and Recall95Figure 53 Saving a SetupStep Action1 Press the Setup softkey2 Press the Save softkey. The newly saved setup appears on the list.3

Bird Technologies96Recall SetupYou must be in either Measure Match mode or Fault Location mode to recall a setup.1. Press the Save/Recall softkey2. Fo

Save and Recall97Delete SetupYou must be in either Measure Match mode or Fault Location mode to delete a setup.1. Press the Save/Recall softkey2. Foll

Bird Technologies98

99Chapter 6 Measure Power Mode Note: The figures in this chapter do not show the entire Site Analyzer. The figures show only the screen image and t

Bird Technologies100Figure 56 Connecting the SA to Measure PowerConnecting a SensorAlthough unlikely, it is possible to corrupt the power sensor fi

Measure Power Mode101The antenna test port is used only for testing unpowered systems. For power measurement, you must connect an external power senso

Bird Technologies102Display DescriptionFigure 57 Measure Power Screen FeaturesMeasure Power Sample Display, with a sensor properly connectedItem De

Measure Power Mode103Setting the Full Scale PowerFor element-based sensors, enter the power rating listed on the for-ward element before making any me

Bird TechnologiesxiiSet the Measurement Data Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Set the Graph Display Type . . . . . . . . .

Bird Technologies104Zeroing Bird Power SensorsOver time, the sensor’s “zero value” (reading with no applied RF power) can drift, making all readings i

Measure Power Mode105 Press to accept the warning Wait for calibration to finish

Bird Technologies106Choosing the Displayed MeasurementThe primary display shows one value on the large numerical display and the pointer. Other measur

Measure Power Mode107Changing the mode for the 5010BThe 5010B has three modes of operation, APM, 43Avg, and 43Peak. Bird 43 Elements can measure avera

Bird Technologies108Using the 5012 Wideband Power SensorChanging the Measurement TypeThe 5012 has three different measurement modes, Create, Burst, an

Measure Power Mode109Function DescriptionsAverage PowerAverage power is a measure of the equivalent “heating” power of a sig-nal, as measured with a c

Bird Technologies110Video FilterExcept for average power and VSWR measurements, all WPS mea-surements rely on a variable video filter to improve accur

Measure Power Mode111Peak Envelope PowerPeak power measurements detect amplitude changes as a signal mod-ulates the carrier envelope. The WPS operates

Bird Technologies112Crest FactorCrest factor (CF) is the ratio of the peak and average powers, in dB. The WPS calculates the Crest Factor from the For

Measure Power Mode113Setting the CCDF Limit Press from Measure Power Mode Scroll to CCDF Lim Enter the new value The CCDF Limit is displayed at the

xiiiSmooth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Saving The Measurement . . . . . . . . . . .

Bird Technologies114Setting the OffsetTo read unattenuated power when using a coupler or attenuator, enter (in dB) the attenuation or coupling factor.

Measure Power Mode115 The offset is displayed at the bottom of the main display

Bird Technologies116Recall SetupsPower measurement setups can be created using the Bird Site Ana-lyzer PCTool Software, then stored in the Site Analyz

117Chapter 7 Utilities Note: The figures in this chapter do not show the entire Site Analyzer. For increased clarity, the figures show only the scr

Bird Technologies118Adjust Date and Time Scroll through the date & time Change the date or timePress to display the system settingsRtn ToDefaults

Utilities119Return to DefaultsAll settings will be returned to the factory presets. Saved traces and setups will not be affected. This function should

Bird Technologies120FM ModulationThe Bird Site Analyzer uses FM modulation to improve its immunity to interfering signals. Under certain circumstances

Utilities121PrinterThe Bird Site Analyzer is compatible with all printers that use HP PCL Level 3, including most HP printers.When a printer error occ

Bird Technologies122

123Chapter 8 Computer SoftwareThe Bird Site Analyzer Software is designed to help you use the Site Analyzer more effectively. It allows you to use a P

Bird TechnologiesxivComplementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF) . . . 112Setting the CCDF Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bird Technologies124

125Chapter 9 MaintenanceCleaningClean the Bird Site Analyzer only with a soft cloth dampened with mild detergent and water. Do not use any other type

Bird Technologies126TroubleshootingAny service procedure not covered in this manual should be referred to an authorized service facility. Locate the p

Maintenance127Recalled fault location trace is invalidNo fault location measurement made since last full system initializationChange to Measure Match

Bird Technologies128Battery Replacement1. Lay the Site Analyzer, display side down, on a clean surface.2. Remove the four screws and the battery cover

Maintenance129Firmware UpdateThe Site Analyzer uses flash-programmable ROM to store its operat-ing program. To update the instrument, you will need to

Bird Technologies130SpecificationsAntenna TestingTest PortConnectors ImpedanceFemale N normally supplied 50 OhmsDirectivity, After Calibration Connect

Maintenance131Measurement Uncertainty (after 1 display refresh)*Return Loss Determined graphically from composite of source VSWR, instrumentation erro

Bird Technologies132Printer Interface PortConnector CompatibilityFemale DB-25, compatible with PC parallel port HP Deskjet printers with PCL Level 3

Maintenance133SA-1700EX Measurement Uncertainty (Return Loss after one refresh)

xvAppendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bird Technologies134SA-2500AEX Measurement Uncertainty (Return Loss after one refresh)

Maintenance135SA-6000EX Measurement Uncertainty (Return Loss after one refresh)

Bird Technologies136Parts ListFor EX VersionsFor Non EX VersionsPart Name Part NumberSite Analyzer - Complete780 – 2500 MHz SA-2500EX25 – 1700 MHz Wit

Maintenance137Optional Equipment AvailablePrecision Adapters:Connectors Part Number Connectors Part NumberMale N to Male 7/16 DINPA-MNME Female 7/16 D

Bird Technologies138Hard Transit CaseP/N: 7002C870 Holds Site Analyzer, standard accessories, calibration combo, armored cable assembly, and adapters.

139Appendix This appendix provides general information about the Site Analyzer including term definitions, fault location equations, and fault locatio

Bird Technologies140MarkersMarkers are used to show the exact value at one point on the graph. In Measure Match and Cable Loss modes, the marker displ

Maintenance141Fault Location Distance - 238 Data PointsFault Location Distance and Resolution - 238 Data PointsVel Prop 0.66 0.88Freq Span Max Distanc

Bird Technologies142Fault Location Distance - 475 Data PointsFault Location Distance and Resolution - 475 Data PointsVel Prop 0.66 0.88Freq Span Max D

Maintenance143Fault Location Distance - 949 Data PointsFault Location Distance and Resolution - 949 Data PtsVel Prop 0.66 0.88Freq Span Max Distance R

Bird Technologiesxvi

Bird Technologies144

145Limited WarrantyAll products manufactured by Seller are warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year,

Bird Technologies146

1Chapter 1 IntroductionThe Bird Site Analyzer is a multifunction test instrument for use in installation and maintenance of wireless systems. Utilizin

Bird Technologies2Items Not Supplied• Calibration Combination (Cal Combo)Site Analyzer FeaturesGeneral• Easy to operate and field ready for first-time

Introduction3Antenna Test• Rejects on-channel interfering signals to +13 dBm.• Three user-selectable trace capture options: 238 data points per sweep,

ii.

Bird Technologies4Fault Location Mode• Transform Algorithm - Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) with three levels of smoothing.• Distance units can be eithe

Introduction5Bird 5012 Wideband Power Sensor

Bird Technologies6ConnectorsPower SupplyInternal BatteryThe Bird Site Analyzer has an internal, rechargeable, lithium-ion bat-tery pack. This will ope

Introduction7The battery symbol gauge indicates the approximate battery life remain-ing. At ¼ charge the gauge also displays “LO”. When using an exter

Bird Technologies8To charge the external battery pack:1. Plug the automobile cigarette lighter adapter into the external battery pack on the side that

Introduction9Power UpFor the first power-up and after a failure, reset the unit (refer to Return to Defaults, page 119).Self TestThe unit performs an

Bird Technologies10Site Analyzer User KeysThere are two types of keys on the Site Analyzer. The first type, referred to as a hard key, always has a pa

Introduction11Calibrate Activates the calibration menu.Marker Activates the marker menu. Use this to turn markers on or off and to move the active mar

Bird Technologies12While pressing the Contrast keyIncreases the display contrast.All other times As defined by the function description.Down ArrowDuri

Introduction13Site Analyzer Display ScreenSee the following two figures and the accompanying table for a description of the display screen components

iiiSafety PrecautionsRemove PowerObserve general safety precautions. Do not open the instrument with the power on.Safety Earth GroundAn uninterruptibl

Bird Technologies1411. Indicator Ball Indicates if the trace is sweeping.12. Limit Line Value Indicates the limit value.13. Limit Test Indicator Displ

15Chapter 2 CalibrationCalibration Accessories• Calibration Combination (Cal Combo) which contains: One 50 ohm load One Open standard One Short standa

Bird Technologies16Figure 2 Calibrating the Site AnalyzerStep Action1 Press the Calibrate key2 Connect the Cal Combo “Open” connector to the unit a

17Chapter 3 Measure Match ModeMatch measurement verifies and monitors the match conditions in the antenna system at various frequencies. The results a

Bird Technologies18Select the Measure Match ModeFollow the numbered steps in Figure 3 to turn ON the Site Analyzer and select the Measure Match mode.F

Measure Match Mode19 Note: If you enter a frequency that is outside of the range of the Site Analyzer, the Site Analyzer will override your entry a

Bird Technologies20Figure 5 Selecting a Sweep Frequency from a Band ListStep Action1 Press the Config key2 Press the Freq softkey3 Use the left or

Measure Match Mode21Calibrate the Site AnalyzerIf you need to use an extension cable to connect the Site Analyzer to the system, connect the extension

Bird Technologies22Figure 6 Setting Match Mode Measurement UnitsStep Action1 Press the Config key2 Press the Scale softkey3 Press the left or right

Measure Match Mode23Set the Measurement Scale LimitsYou can manually set the minimum and maximum values on the Y (vertical) scale or you can choose Au

Bird TechnologiesivCaution StatementsThe following equipment cautions appear in the text and are repeated here for emphasis.WARNINGThis equipment shou

Bird Technologies24Figure 7 Setting Match Mode Scale LimitsStep Action1 Press the Config key2 Press the Scale softkey3 To enter a manual value, ski

Measure Match Mode25Set the Measurement Data PointsYou can select the number of data points to take during a measure-ment. There are three data point

Bird Technologies26Figure 8 Setting the Number of Measurement Data PointsStep Action1 Press the Config key2 Press the Scale softkey3 Press the left

Measure Match Mode27Set the Graph Display TypeWhen the Site Analyzer collects data during a sweep, you can specify that it measure 238 data points, 47

Bird Technologies28Figure 9 Setting the Graph DisplayStep Action1 Press the Config key2 Press the Scale softkey3 Press the left or right scroll key

Measure Match Mode29Set and Activate Acceptance LimitsThe limit line helps you see failures. It appears as a horizontal line at the value you select.Y

Bird Technologies30Figure 10 Setting a Limit LineStep Action1 While in the Measure Match mode or the Fault Location mode, press the Limit Test key:

Measure Match Mode31Measure the Match of the Component1. Connect the Site Analyzer to the component being tested as follows:• ANTENNA – (if used) Conn

Bird Technologies32Interpreting the MeasurementThe graph below shows a typical Match Measurement for an antenna system.1. Parts of the sweep below the

Measure Match Mode33Measurement HoldYou must be in either Measure Match mode or Fault Location mode to hold a trace.The hold feature stops updating th

vCAUTIONLong-term storage of the external battery pack can affect battery performance and reduce battery life. Do not store the external battery pack

Bird Technologies34MarkersYou must be in either Measure Match mode or Fault Location mode to use markers.You can activate and use up to six markers to

Measure Match Mode35Figure 12 Activate Marker and Set StyleStep Action1 Press the Marker key to enter marker setup2 Press the Mark softkey to selec

Bird Technologies36Move MarkersYou can move the active marker along the trace (frequency axis) by using the left and right scroll keys or by entering

Measure Match Mode37Figure 13 Moving MarkersStep Action1 Press the Marker key to enter marker setup2 Press the Mark softkey to select a marker (1-6

Bird Technologies38Using Delta MarkersIn the delta marker mode, only active markers will be visible. The delta marker feature displays the difference

Measure Match Mode39Using Markers with Recalled TracesWhen a trace is recalled, the screen displays both the current trace and the recalled trace and

Bird Technologies40Figure 15 Comparing Data Points in Dual Mode

Measure Match Mode41Figure 16 Using Markers with Recalled TracesStep Action1 Press the Marker key2 Select single mode or dual mode3 Select a marker

Bird Technologies42PrintingThe Bird Site Analyzer can print the information displayed on the screen to any HP Deskjet printer that supports the PCL Le

Measure Match Mode43Cable Loss MeasurementTo measure cable loss, make sure that the cable being tested is unter-minated (not connected to anything at

Bird TechnologiesviSafety StatementsUSAGEANY USE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN A MANNER NOT SPECIFIED BY THE MANUFACTURER MAY IMPAIR THE INSTRUMENT’S SAFETY P

Bird Technologies44Figure 18 Set Up for Cable Loss Measurement5. Select the Freq softkey and set the frequency start and stop to a range that is we

Measure Match Mode459. Connect the phase stable cable to one end of the cable under test.10. Connect the Short connection on the Cal Combo unit to the

Bird Technologies46

47Chapter 4 Fault Location ModeFault location identifies the position of impedance discontinuities (reflections) within the antenna/feeder system. The

Bird Technologies48 Note: Changing the frequency settings will automatically turn calibration off. Always set the frequency before calibrating the

Fault Location Mode49What You Need to Know About Setting the Frequency Span and Max Distance Note: Changing the frequency span or the max distance

Bird Technologies50Setting the Frequency SpanFor a given number of data points (238, 475, 949), entering a fre-quency span causes the Site Analyzer to

Fault Location Mode513. Enter the frequency span. Follow the numbered steps in Figure 20 on page 51 to enter the values you determined in Step 2.4. En

Bird Technologies52Setting the Maximum Distance Note: Changing the frequency span or the max distance will automatically turn calibration off. Alwa

Fault Location Mode53Figure 22 Changed Max Distance Warning MessageCalibrate the Site AnalyzerIf you need to use an extension cable or a phase stab

viiENTRENTIENL’EMPLOI DES INSTRUCTIONS D’ENTRETIEN DOIT ÊTRE RÉSERVÉ AU PERSONNEL FORMÉ AUX OPÉRATIONS D’ENTRETIEN. POUR PRÉVENIR UN CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE D

Bird Technologies541. Make sure that Fault Location mode is selected (refer to Select Fault Location Mode, page 48).2. To manually set the cable type,

Fault Location Mode55Figure 24 Select Cable Type from List3. Continue to the next topic in this section (Setting the Distance and Units, page 56)St

Bird Technologies56Setting the Distance and UnitsDistance to Display on the Trace (start, stop)The trace can display the entire length (distance) of t

Fault Location Mode57Figure 25 Setting the Start and Stop DistanceStep Action1Press the Config key2Press the Distance softkey3 Press the right or l

Bird Technologies58Figure 26 Setting the Distance UnitsStep Action1 Press the Config key2 Press the Distance softkey3 Press the left or right arrow

Fault Location Mode59Setting the Scale & Unit of MeasureYou can set the display scale manually or by using Auto Scale. The display trace can be in

Bird Technologies60Figure 28 Setting Fault Location Scale Limits ManuallyStep Action1 Press the Config key2 Press the Scale softkey3 Use the left o

Fault Location Mode61Figure 29 Setting Fault Location Auto ScaleStep Action1 Press the Config key2 Press the Scale softkey3 Use the left or right s

Bird Technologies62Set the Measurement Data PointsYou can select the number of data points to take during a measure-ment. There are three data point o

Fault Location Mode63Figure 30 Setting the Measurement ResolutionStep Action1 Press the Config key2 Press the Scale softkey3 Use the left or right

Bird TechnologiesviiiAbout This ManualChanges to This ManualWe have made every effort to ensure this manual is accurate. If you discover any errors, o

Bird Technologies64Set the Graph Display TypeWhen the Site Analyzer collects data during a sweep, you can specify that it measure 238 data points, 475

Fault Location Mode65Figure 31 Setting the Graph DisplayStep Action1 Press the Config key2 Press the Scale softkey3 Press the left or right scroll

Bird Technologies66Set and Activate Acceptance LimitsThe limit line helps to set off those parts of a trace that are outside of the acceptance (limit)

Fault Location Mode67Figure 32 Setting a Limit LineStep Action1 While in Fault Location mode, press the Limit Test key to activate the limit line:

Bird Technologies68Test for Fault Location1. Connect the Site Analyzer to the cable being tested. Note: If you calibrated the Site Analyzer with a

Fault Location Mode691. Each connector or jumper will show up as a spike. If it is larger than the typical value, check the connector for damage.2. Sp

Bird Technologies70MarkersYou must be in either Measure Match mode or Fault Location mode to use markers.You can activate and use up to six markers to

Fault Location Mode71Figure 34 Activate Marker and Set StyleStep Action1 Press the Marker key to enter marker setup2 Press the Mark softkey to sele

Bird Technologies72Move MarkersYou can move the active marker by using the arrow scroll keys or by entering a distance with the numeric key pad. All m

Fault Location Mode73Figure 35 Moving MarkersStep Action1 Press the Marker key to enter marker setup2 Press the Mark softkey to select a marker (1-

ixMaintenance — Lists routine maintenance tasks for the Site Ana-lyzer, as well as troubleshooting for common problems. Specifications and parts infor

Bird Technologies74Using Delta MarkersIn the delta marker mode, only active markers will be visible. The delta marker feature displays the difference

Fault Location Mode75Using Markers with Recalled TracesWhen a trace is recalled, the screen displays both the current trace and the recalled trace and

Bird Technologies76SmoothSmooth is an option that will digitally average the displayed trace. There are three levels of smoothing, low medium, and hig

Fault Location Mode77Saving The MeasurementYou can save the trace and recall and review it at a later time (refer to Save Trace, page 80).PrintingThe

Bird Technologies78

79Chapter 5 Save and RecallTraces and instrument setups can be saved to and recalled from the nonvolatile memory in the unit. The Site Analyzer identi

Bird Technologies80Figure 41 Out of Memory MessageSave TraceTo save a trace, you must be in either Measure Match mode or Fault Location mode1. Pres

Save and Recall81Figure 42 Save Trace ScreenFigure 43 Text Label Screen

Bird Technologies82Label Text ShortcutsTypically when you enter or edit label text, you use the right and left scroll keys to select columns of letter

Save and Recall83Figure 44 Text Label ConfigurationStep Action1 Press Config key to enter text label setup2 Press softkey to enable or disable shor